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STEAM POWER GENERATOR

Such losses are clearly shown in the following comparisons. The actual Rankine cycle is shown in Fig. In actual situations, both the water pumps and the steam Turbines do not operate isentropically and losses result in more power demand for pumping and less power actually generated by steam to blades. This liquid then re-enters the pump and the cycle repeats.

Process 4s-1: The vapor then enters a condenser where it is cooled to become a saturated liquid.

This decreases the temperature and pressure of the vapor.

Process 3-4s: The saturated vapor expands through a turbine to generate power output.

Common heat sources for power plant systems are coal, natural gas, or nuclear power.

Process 2s-3: The high pressure liquid enters a boiler where it is heated at constant pressure by an external heat source to become a saturated vapor.

Pumping requires a power input (for example mechanical or electrical).

Process 1-2s: First, the working fluid is pumped (ideally isentropically) from low to high pressure by a pump.

These states are identified by number in Fig. There are four processes in the Rankine cycle, each changing the state of the working fluid. In such vapor power plants, power is generated by alternately vaporizing and condensing a working fluid (in many cases water, although refrigerants such as ammonia may also be used) Rankine cycles describe the operation of steam heat engines commonly found in power generation plants as schematically shown here in Fig. The steam turbine converts the heat energy of steam into mechanical energy.Ī steam power plant using steam as working substance works basically on Rankine cycle. The boiler generates steam at high pressure and high temperature. The Steam Power Plant (Rankine cycle), which areĭiscussed in this paper is called THERMAL POWER PLANT, because it converts heat into electric energy.Ī steam power plant consists of a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, and other auxiliaries. Wind power generation (energy available from the wind turbines)

(Energy available in the Earth’s crust)Ĥ. (making use of the available solar energy)Ģ. These are often referred to as the alternative methods or nonconventional energy of power generation and can be classified as:ġ.

STEAM POWER GENERATOR

In Hydroelectric plants, the energy of the falling water is utilized to drive the turbine which in turn runs the generator to produce electricity.Īpart from these major types of power generations, we can resort to small scale generation techniques as well, to serve the discrete demands. As is typical of thermal power stations, heat is used to generate steam that drives a steam turbine connected to a generator that produces electricity. Thermal power generation consists of using steam power created by burning oil, liquid natural gas (LNG), coal, and other substances to rotate generators and create electricity.Ī nuclear power plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor. The mechanical energy to spin the turbine can come from a variety of sources, including falling water, wind, or steam from heat generated either by a nuclear reaction or by burning fossil fuels. The need for electricity is now felt in all stages of human life.Įlectricity is produced when mechanical energy is harnessed and used to rotate a turbine. First, a brief introduction to the basics and components of the steam power plant is provided, followed by some of the control systems in the power plant, diagrams and their efficiency will be reviewed. This article is an overview of different types of power plants, design, steam cycle and especially steam power plant control technology. Based on internship experience at Shahid Salimi Neka power plant